Blackjack Probability Worksheet
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Worksheet 3 - Blackjack Mathematics of Casino Gambling 3450:491/591 Dr. Norfolk Show your work. You are playing Blackjack for $1 per hand at a casino where the dealer stands on any 17. You have a total of 16 in your first 2 cards, and the dealer shows a King up, but does not have Blackjack. The approximate probabilities are. Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU All Graduate Plan B and other Reports Graduate Studies 5-2014 The Expected Value of an Advantage Blackjack player.
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What are the chances of getting 4 blackjacks?
A single deck is used.
We get to play on 7 hands per game.
I'd encourage you to 'sound this out' and try to solve it yourself, even though I'm providing the info below. Problems like this sound really complicated, but really aren't when you 'sound it out' and take the probably one piece at a time.
In statistics when you need multiple events to happen (frequently when you use the word 'AND') the resulting probability is multiplicative... When any one of multiple events could happen (frequently when you use the word 'OR') the resulting probability is additive. Thus:
P(4 blackjacks) = P(1st blackjack) * P(2nd blackjack given 1st) * P(3rd blackjack given 1st 2) * P(4th blackjack given 1st 3)
P(1st blackjack) = P(1st ace BJ) OR P(1st 10 BJ) = P(1st ace 2nd 10) + P(1st 10 2nd ace) = [(4/52)*(16/51)] + [(16/52)*(4/51)] = (.0769*.3137) + (.3077*.0784) = .0241 + .0241 = .0482... or ~4.8% chance of getting dealt a blackjack (~1 in 21 hands, as shown previously by the Wiz).
P(2nd blackjack given 1st) = (same as above just remove one ace, 10, and 2 total cards from the deck)... [(3/50)*(15/49)]*2 = (.06*.3061)*2 = .0368, or ~3.7%
P(3rd blackjack given 1st 2) = (same as above with more removals)... [(2/48)*(14/47)]*2 = .0248, or ~2.5%
P(4th blackjack given 1st 3) = (same as above with more removals)... [(1/46)*(13/45)]*2 = .0126, or ~ 1.3%
Thus, P(4 blackjacks) = .0482 * .0368 * .0248 * .0126 = .0000005543, or ~ .00005543%... which is ~1 in 1.9 million.
I'd expect the payout to be a million bucks, and then they'd still be shorting you. So more than likely a terrible bet.
128/2652 * Number of hands = 128/2652 * 7 = 896/2652 ~ 1/3
Did you take into account that any of the 7 hands can make 4 blackjacks?
There are (7)C(4) = 35 groups of 4 players that can have the blackjacks
The first player can have any of 4 aces and any of 16 10-cards, or 64 possible hands
The second player can have any of the 3 remaining aces and any of the 15 remaining 10-cards, or 45 hands
The third player can have either of the 2 remaining aces and any of the 14 remaining 10-cards, or 28 hands
The fourth player can have the remaining ace and any of the 13 remaining 10-cards, or 13 hands
The first of the other three players can have any of the (44)C(2) remaining hands, the second any of the (42)C(2) remaining hands, and the third any of the (40)C(2) remaining hands.
Divide this product by (52)C(2) x (50)C(2) x (48)C(2) x (46)C(2) x (44)C(2) x (42)C(2) x (40)C(2), and you get about 1 / 51,685.
Simulation seems to confirm this calculation.
2 * (16/52 * 4/51) = 128/2652
128/2652 * Number of hands = 128/2652 * 7 = 896/2652 ~ 1/3
Did you take into account that any of the 7 hands can make 4 blackjacks?
I think he missed the part where it said they could play up to 7 hands.
If there are only 4 hands, the probability is about 1 / 1,808,900
If there are 5, about 1 / 361,800
If there are 6, about 1 / 120,600
6 x 2 x 15/50 x 3/49 = 540/2450
5 x 2 x 14/48 x 2/47 = 280/2256
4 x 2 x 13/46 x 1/45 = 104/2070
896/2652 x 540/2450 x 280/2256 x 104/2070 = 1/2153
I'd like to know if I am wrong please.
Thank you for your answers
...Did you take into account that any of the 7 hands can make 4 blackjacks?
No, I simply 4 hands in a row getting blackjack, without replacement.7 x 2 x 16/52 x 4/51 = 896/2652
6 x 2 x 15/50 x 3/49 = 540/2450
5 x 2 x 14/48 x 2/47 = 280/2256
4 x 2 x 13/46 x 1/45 = 104/2070
896/2652 x 540/2450 x 280/2256 x 104/2070 = 1/2153
I'd like to know if I am wrong please.
Thank you for your answers
You are counting every deal 24 times.
You appear to be saying, 'Any of the 7 players can have any of the four Aces, and for each one, any of the other 6 players can have any of the three remaining Aces,' but you are counting each hand where, for example, Player A has the Ace of Spades and Player B has the Ace of Hearts twice.
Any of the 7 players can have the Ace of Spades, but you should then be multiplying it by 1/52 instead of 4/52. Similarly with the Aces of Hearts, Clubs, and Diamonds.
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